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Repositorio

Los temas a discusión en este portal ya han sido analizados por múltiples actores. En este repositorio la SG/OEA reúne algunos de ellos, como una contribución más a la discusión. Este repositorio tiene dos secciones: En la de Políticas integraremos información sobre políticas relevantes a los temas a debate que estén siendo implementadas por los Estados Miembros, Estados Observadores y otros Estados del mundo. En la de Estudios incluiremos análisis, informes y reportes publicados por instituciones académicas, centros de pensamiento, organizaciones internacionales y multilaterales, organizaciones no gubernamentales y entes privados, todos ellos de reconocido prestigio, que sean relevantes para la conversación. La OEA publicará estos artículos e informes en su idioma original.

UN - ‘Stronger Response’ Key, to Build a Safer and more Stable Future: Guterres

  • 3 junio 2020

“We need a much stronger response of unity and solidarity if we are to get through this pandemic together and build a safer, more stable future, (…) Returning to the systems that created this fragility is out of the question,” António Guterres said.

He added: “This is essential not only to beat COVID-19, but to tackle the other existential crises we face, including the climate emergency.”    

Adapting to Change: IOM Faces COVID-19 Pandemic by Strengthening Outreach Tools

  • 2 junio 2020

MigApp is IOM’s global app for migrants. A quarter of its users are in North America, Central America and the Caribbean.

A new section in Migapp’s Medical tab highlights official health recommendations to prevent the virus’ spread.  News and Migration Tips sections are updated to capture changes across countries—such as border restrictions, COVID-19 hotlines or migration status changes. 

MigApp also features mini surveys, which allow IOM to run simple questions to better understand the issues affecting migrants.

Social Distancing, Surveillance, and Stronger Health Systems as Keys to Controlling COVID-19 Pandemic, PAHO Director Says

  • 2 junio 2020

Just in the past week there were 732,000 new cases globally, and of these, more than 250,000 new cases were in Latin American countries, “a serious concern that should serve as a clarion call to redouble our efforts,” Dr. Carissa Etienne said at a press briefing. “The situation we face is dire, but not hopeless – as long as our approach to defeating the virus is based on solidarity. We must work together, share resources and apply the proven strategies we have learned along the way.” 

Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The World Should Face the Reality

  • 1 junio 2020
Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The World Should Face the Reality

Hand washing and maintaining social distance are the main measures recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to avoid contracting COVID-19. Unfortunately, these measured do not prevent infection by inhalation of small droplets exhaled by an infected person that can travel distance of meters or tens of meters in the air and carry their viral content. Science explains the mechanisms of such transport and there is evidence that this is a significant route of infection in indoor environments. Despite this, no countries or authorities consider airborne spread of COVID-19 in their regulations to prevent infections transmission indoors. It is therefore extremely important, that the national authorities acknowledge the reality that the virus spreads through air, and recommend that adequate control measures be implemented to prevent further spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in particularly removal of the virus-laden droplets from indoor air by ventilation.

Central and South America now ‘Intense Zones’ for COVID-19 Transmission

  • 1 junio 2020

“I would certainly characterize that Central and South America in particular have very much become the intense zones of transmission for this virus as we speak, and I don’t believe that we have reached the peak in that transmission. And at this point, I cannot predict when we will”, he said.

The biggest rise in caseloads can be found in Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Mexico, Haiti, Argentina and Bolivia.

“While the numbers are not exponential, in some countries we are seeing a progressive increase in cases on a daily basis”, said Dr. Ryan.

“And countries are having to work very hard to both understand the scale of infection, but also health systems are beginning to come under pressure across the region.”

Employment Situation in Latin America and the Caribbean

  • 31 mayo 2020

Estimates point to a decline in global gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 that will be the largest in decades (by 2%) and to significant contractions in the volume of global trade (by between 13% and 32%).The drop in economic activity, particularly in China, the United States and Europe, is hurting trade volumes and prices in Latin America and the Caribbean, especially for commodities. Some key production sectors in countries of the region form part of global value chains in which the United States and China are fundamental. In addition, many countries will be severely affected by reduced remittances from migrants and the decline in tourism. The deterioration in global financial conditions has increased volatility in the region to record levels, and there have been massive capital outflows from emerging markets, most currencies have depreciated against the dollar and sovereign risk has risen sharply (ECLAC, 2020c).

UN Seeks to Build Transport and Trade Resilience in Wake of COVID-19

  • 28 mayo 2020

The project launched this month will implement UN solutions, standards, guidelines, metrics, tools and methodologies to help developing countries build transport, trade and logistics resilience in the wake of COVID-19.

It seeks to equip governments in developing and least developed countries to adapt to new post-COVID-19 conditions by tapping into UN expertise, standards, tools and guidance, while considering their specific and local conditions.

COVID-19: A ‘New and Deadly Threat’ for Civilians Caught up in Violence

  • 27 mayo 2020

“COVID-19 is not only spreading sickness and death; it is pushing people into poverty and hunger,” he explained, adding that in some cases, “it is reversing decades of development progress”.

Meanwhile, as access to services is curtailed and repressive measures are adopted by some nations, protecting the most vulnerable, particularly in conflict zones, has become even more difficult.

UNCDF and UNDP Join Forces to Improve Flow of Remittances and Counter Socio-Economic Impacts of COVID-19

  • 26 mayo 2020

“The hardship of COVID-19 felt by migrants in the form of lost wages and employment – often without government safety nets – is a large part of this crisis in remittances. The decline also results from a host of issues caused by the coronavirus that impact the services migrants use to send money home – including the restrictions placed on remittance services providers and their agents. The loss of this crucial financing lifeline is devastating for both the migrant households and receiving countries,” said Judith Karl, Executive Secretary for UNCDF. “UNCDF, together with UNDP, is committed to supporting the Member State-led call to action and to ensuring that every measure is available to facilitate migrants in sending remittances home.”

COVID-19: UNDP Urges Swift Action to Address Violence Against Women and Girls During Pandemic

  • 26 mayo 2020

Guidance from UNDP, Gender-based violence and COVID-19, also recommends developing new protocols to provide support via phone or online platforms rather than in person, expanding immediate response services in order to save lives, and most ensuring that steps to prevent gender-based violence are in every COVID-19 response plan and budget.

5 Reasons Costa Rica is Winning Plaudits for Fighting COVID-19: a Resident Coordinator’s blog

  • 26 mayo 2020

The data and facts are extremely promising: Costa Rica has the lowest COVID-19 case fatality rate in the region, and the country currently has more recovered cases than active cases. There is no registered community transmission, and daily infections have fallen significantly (they have remained below 10 cases in recent weeks). At the beginning of May, there were less than half a dozen infected patients in Intensive Care Units throughout the whole country.

How has Costa Rica achieved these impressive results? Here are five key reasons.

Fourteen Days in Limbo: What Happens to Returning Migrant Workers During The COVID-19 Crisis

  • 26 mayo 2020

IOM is able to provide vital assistance to these vulnerable returnees with support from the EU-IOM Joint Initiative for Migrant Protection and Reintegration financed by the European Union, in the framework of the Migrant Resource and Response Mechanism supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, the United States Department of State, and the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France.

Greening the Transport Sector in the post COVID-19 Recovery Could Create up to 15 Million Jobs Worldwide/ ILO

  • 22 mayo 2020

Investment in transforming the transport sector could create millions of new jobs and help countries move to greener, healthier economies, says report from the International Labour Organization and the UN Economic Commission for Europe.

The study finds that 10 million additional jobs could be created worldwide - 2.9 million in the UNECE region - if 50 per cent of all vehicles manufactured were electric. In addition, almost 5 million new jobs could be created worldwide - 2.5 million in the UNECE region - if UNECE countries doubled investment in public transport.

How COVID-19 is Changing the World: a Statistical Perspective/CCSA

  • 21 mayo 2020

The United Nations and other partner organizations of the CCSA make a wealth of impartial data and statistics available free of charge with the spirit of promoting facts-based planning. This report presents a snapshot of some of the latest information available on how COVID-19 is affecting the world today. Although a wide range of topics are covered in this report, a consistency of message is clear – this is an unprecedented crisis, and no aspect of our lives is immune. The quantitative knowledge presented in this report covers different aspects of public and private life from economic and environmental fluctuations to changes that affect individuals in terms of income, education, employment and violence and changes affecting public services such as civil aviation and postal services. The report also puts a spotlight on the affects for some sub-population groups like women and children as well as geographical regions.

La OMS y ACNUR unen fuerzas para mejorar los servicios sanitarios para refugiados, desplazados y apátridas

  • 21 mayo 2020

El memorando actualiza y amplía un acuerdo previo entre ambas organizaciones que data de 1997. Uno de los objetivos clave de este año será apoyar los actuales esfuerzos para proteger frente a la COVID-19 a unos 70 millones de personas desplazadas por la fuerza. De ellas, unos 26 millones son personas refugiadas y el 80 por ciento se encuentran acogidas en países de ingresos bajos y medios que cuentan con sistemas sanitarios precarios. A esta cifra se unen unos 40 millones de desplazados internos que también requieren asistencia.

WHO Countries Agree 'Equitable and Timely Access' to Coronavirus Vaccine, 'Comprehensive Evaluation' of Response

  • 20 mayo 2020

More broadly, international organizations were called on to work collaboratively to develop, test and scale-up production of safe, effective, quality, affordable diagnostics, therapeutics, medicines and vaccines for the COVID-19 response – including in the licensing of patents to facilitate access to them.

COVID-19: el desarrollo humano va camino de retroceder este año por primera vez desde 1990

  • 20 mayo 2020

Con el cierre de escuelas, las estimaciones del PNUD de la “tasa efectiva de desescolarización” - el porcentaje de niños y niñas en edad de cursar la enseñanza primaria ajustado para reflejar aquellos que no tienen acceso a Internet - indican que el 60 % de ellos no están recibiendo ninguna educación, llevando la desescolarización global a niveles desconocidos desde la década de 1980.

El impacto conjunto de estos choques podría dar lugar a un retroceso inédito en los niveles de desarrollo humano.

Y ello sin contar con otras consecuencias importantes, como en el avance hacia la igualdad de género. Los efectos negativos de la crisis sobre las mujeres y las niñas van desde el ámbito económico —menos ingresos y ahorro, mayor inseguridad laboral—, hasta la salud reproductiva, el trabajo de cuidados no remunerado y la violencia de género.

Refugiados indígenas luchan contra el coronavirus en América Latina

  • 20 mayo 2020

Muchos viven en áreas aisladas o remotas sin acceso a servicios de salud, agua potable y jabón. Otros viven en viviendas muy pequeñas y abarrotadas o en asentamientos urbanos informales sin acceso a materiales de protección individual. La mayoría de los grupos indígenas fronterizos ven amenazada su supervivencia física y cultural a causa de la escasez de alimentos y la desnutrición severa, aspectos que pueden incrementar el riesgo de contagio. Estas áreas ya carecían de servicios de salud adecuados, lo que ahora se podría agravar la situación actual.

Directora de la OPS llama a proteger a los grupos vulnerables de los efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19

  • 20 mayo 2020

“Durante una pandemia, debemos superar las desigualdades estructurales que limitan el acceso a los servicios de salud. Esto significa establecer mecanismos que apoyen el acceso universal a la salud independientemente de los ingresos, unir recursos con el sector privado y sin fines de lucro, eliminar el pago en el punto de servicio y establecer hospitales de emergencia que agreguen capacidad de emergencia donde más se necesita”.

Alicia Bárcena llama a repensar el modelo y consolidar las dimensiones económicas, sociales y ambientales del desarrollo sostenible para no dejar a nadie atrás

  • 20 mayo 2020

La pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 ha hecho visibles los problemas estructurales del modelo económico y las carencias de los sistemas de protección social y los regímenes de bienestar. Por ello, una nueva normalidad no es el camino, debemos repensar el modelo de desarrollo y consolidar las dimensiones económicas, sociales y ambientales del desarrollo sostenible, sin dejar a nadie atrás, afirmó hoy Alicia Bárcena.

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