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Repositorio

Los temas a discusión en este portal ya han sido analizados por múltiples actores. En este repositorio la SG/OEA reúne algunos de ellos, como una contribución más a la discusión. Este repositorio tiene dos secciones: En la de Políticas integraremos información sobre políticas relevantes a los temas a debate que estén siendo implementadas por los Estados Miembros, Estados Observadores y otros Estados del mundo. En la de Estudios incluiremos análisis, informes y reportes publicados por instituciones académicas, centros de pensamiento, organizaciones internacionales y multilaterales, organizaciones no gubernamentales y entes privados, todos ellos de reconocido prestigio, que sean relevantes para la conversación. La OEA publicará estos artículos e informes en su idioma original.

Responses in 3D: Opening up the production of critical medical supplies

  • 4 abril 2020

The response to the coronavirus crisis has revealed the shortage of personal protective equipment and critical medical devices. According to the WHO, the worldwide capacity to supply needed items through traditional suppliers is under stress. To produce and provide supplies directly in the service of local first responders, maker communities across Latin America, the Caribbean, and around the world have mobilized to share open source designs and pool their production capacity in the midst of an extremely environment complex. This has involved working around obstacles such as restricted movement and limited materials, unestablished rules and procedures, and constant iteration of designs to ensure the pieces produced are  sufficiently effective enough to provide real support.

Tax treaties and the impact of the COVID-19 crisis

  • 3 abril 2020

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  forced  governments  to  take  unprecedented  measures  such  as restricting  travel  and  implementing  strict  quarantine  requirements.  In  this  difficult  context,  most countries are putting stimulus packages in place, including measures to support employment, for example, taking  on  the  burden  of  unpaid  salaries  on  behalf  of  companies  suffering  from  the economic  effects  ofCOVID-19  pandemic.  As  a  result  of  these  restrictions,  many  cross-border workers  are  unable  to  physically  perform  their  duties  in  their  country  of  employment.  They  may have  to  stay  at  home  and  telework,  or  may  be  laid  off  because  of  the  exceptional  economic circumstances. 2.This unprecedented situation is raising many tax issues, especially where there are cross-border elements in the equation; for example, cross-border workers, or individuals who are stranded in a country  that  is  not  their  country  of  residence.  These  issues  have  an  impact  on  the  right  to  tax between countries, which is currently governed by international tax treaty rules that delineate taxing rights.3.At the request of concerned countries, the OECD Secretariat has issued this guidance on these issues based on a careful analysis of the international tax treaty rules

Dealing with digital security risk during covid-19

  • 3 abril 2020

Digital security risk is increasing as malicious actors take advantage of the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic. Coronavirus-related scams and phishing campaigns are on the rise. There are also cases of ransomware and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks targeting hospitals. •Individuals and businesses should exercise caution when they receive coronavirus-related communications, and use appropriate digital security “hygiene” measures (e.g. patching, use of strong and different passwords, regular backups, etc.). •It is essential that governments raise awareness, monitor the threat landscape and publish easily accessible guidelines for digital security hygiene, in particular to vulnerable groups such as the elderly and small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Governments should also co-operate with all relevant stakeholders, including to provide assistance to operators of critical activities such as hospitals, as appropriate

SAS -Reuniones de Altas Autoridades del GTCC

  • 3 abril 2020

Las Altas Autoridades de las organizaciones que conforman el Grupo de Trabajo Conjunto de Cumbres se reunieron virtualmente a fin de coordinar los esfuerzos para brindar apoyo en las áreas de preparación, mitigación y recuperación de la crisis. La reunión fue convocada por el Presidente del GTCC, el Secretario General de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA), Sr. Luis Almagro.

Catching the virus cybercrime, disinformation and the COVID-19 pandemic

  • 3 abril 2020

Cybercriminals have been among the most adept at exploiting the COVID-19 pandemic for the various scams and attacks they carry out. With a record number of potential victims staying at home and using online services across the European Union (EU) during the pandemic, the ways for cybercriminals seeking to exploit emerging opportunities and vulnerabilities have multiplied.

10 lines of action and 20 measures to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus in informal settlements

  • 3 abril 2020

The number of cases, the number of deaths and the number of affected countries is expected to continue to increase. Hygiene, social distancing and isolation measures are essential aspects as a public health response to stop the spread of the epidemic. However, the implementation of these measures is an especially difficult challenge for a large percentage of the vulnerable population living in informal settlements, where overcrowded conditions lead to the transmission of diseases, such as asthma

The World Bank Group Moves Quickly to Help Countries Respond to COVID-19

  • 2 abril 2020

World Bank Group launches first operations for COVID-19 (coronavirus) emergency health support, strengthening developing country responses.
Broader economic program would provide up to $160 billion over next 15 months.

How exposed is Latin America to the trade effects of COVID-19?

  • 2 abril 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most challenging global crisis since the postwar, for its public health dimension as well as its economic consequences. International trade is one of the channels of contagion of the economic crisis that will strongly affect Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

COVID-19: Protecting people and societies

  • 1 abril 2020

In only a few weeks, COVID-19 has profoundly changed our lives, causing tremendous human suffering and challenging the most basic foundations of societal well-being. Beyond the immediate impacts on health, jobs and incomes, the epidemic is increasing people’s anxiety and worry, affecting their social relations, their trust in other people and in institutions, their personal security and sense of belonging. The short and medium-term impacts of COVID-19 will be particularly severe for the most disadvantaged and risk compounding existing socio-economic divides. This policy brief looks at the broad range of effects that COVID-19 will have on different aspects of people’s lives, with a focus on specific population groups such as children, women and the elderly. It calls for rapid and decisive action by governments in order to support the most vulnerable people highlighting the importance of a broad and coordinated policy response that includes strengthened social protection, education, health care, housing support and specific interventions to enhance personal security of women and children, as well as actions supporting vulnerable workers, small businesses, communities and regions left behind.

Coronavírus (COVID-19) e Comércio Brasil-Mundo/ Apex-Brasil

  • 1 abril 2020

Painel Covid - um mapa com dados de evolução de casos do Covid-19, juntamente com dados de evolução de exportação entre o Brasil e outros países, atualizados mensalmente, para que formuladores de políticas e exportadores possam seguir essa dinâmica e tomar suas decisões

IICA establishes advisory council for food security in the Americas

  • 1 abril 2020

The Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) has established a Food Security Advisory Council for the Americas, which includes leading professionals from seven countries in the hemisphere who have made significant contributions to the agrifood sector, both in the political and academic spheres.

Lecciones de una crisis global: coronavirus, orden internacional y el futuro de la UE/CIDOB

  • 1 abril 2020

El Centro Internacional CIDOB de Barcelona señala que puede ser que la crisis del coronavirus sea sólo un bache en el camino de las dinámicas internacionales durante las últimas décadas. Quizá, tras un periodo de hibernación de las principales economías internacionales, la vida vuelva a la normalidad, los planes de estímulo capeen el temporal y el mundo vuelva a ser plano e híperconectado. Sin embargo, el coronavirus puede ser también un punto de inflexión en la era de la globalización. 

The electricity sector, a fundamental pillar in the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic

  • 1 abril 2020

During the last few weeks, we have seen, heard, and read various information, in all possible media, about the pandemic that affects humanity. The impact of COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean is beginning to directly affect the lives of the population due to the decisions, both political and economic, that governments have taken in favor of social protection and human life. Everything indicates that the effects of the pandemic in the medium and long term will be severe, not only on the health of the population and their access to basic services, but also on their income and lifestyle. Social-distancing and quarantine measures, as well as an increase in the provision of health services, increase the pressure on public service systems such as energy, water, and sanitation to keep such measures effective since their continuity is vital.

Cómo aprender con las escuelas cerradas

  • 31 marzo 2020

Esta emergencia pone a muchos estudiantes en riesgo de abandono definitivo, y afecta no sólo su acceso a la educación sino también a programas vitales para las familias más vulnerables, como los de alimentación escolar, jornadas extendidas y actividades extra curriculares, entre otros.

El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas no protege frente a la COVID-19

  • 31 marzo 2020

El alcohol es una sustancia nociva que tiene un efecto adverso en prácticamente todos los órganos del cuerpo y el riesgo de daño para la salud aumenta con cada trago que se consume. El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, sobre todo si es excesivo, debilita el sistema inmunitario y reduce la capacidad para hacer frente a las enfermedades infecciosas, incluida la COVID-19. El consumo excesivo de alcohol es un factor de riesgo de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA), una de las complicaciones más graves de la COVID-19.

WTO Goods Barometer Flashes Red as COVID-19 Disrupts World Trade

  • 31 marzo 2020

World trade was already slowing in 2019 before the COVID-19 outbreak. WTO trade statistics show that the volume of world merchandise trade shrank by 0.1% in 2019, marking the first annual decline since 2009, during the global financial crisis. Trade was relatively weak in the final quarter of 2019, but this is unlikely to have been influenced by COVID-19, which was first detected very late in the year. The seasonally-adjusted volume of world merchandise trade in Q4 was down 1.0% year-on-year and 1.2% compared to the previous quarter. Growth was held back by persistent trade tensions and by slowing economic activity in major economies.

Public debt management responses

  • 31 marzo 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges for public debt management offices (DMOs). Some of these challenges include i) sudden and significant increases in borrowing needs; ii) volatile market conditions; iii) health and safety risks in workplaces; and iv) temporary mismatches in fiscal cash flows. Debt management preparedness to help respond to these operational, liquidity and funding challenges is critical for supporting both the efficacy of each government’s emergency response and the smooth functioning of financial markets. This note will assist debt management offices worldwide in their consideration of appropriate measures to prepare and strengthen the capacity of their debt management operations to respond to these challenges

Global financial markets policy responses

  • 31 marzo 2020

In early March 2020, the OECD’s Interim Economic Outlook highlighted that the coronavirus outbreak had already caused a sharp decline in economic growth in China, and subsequent outbreaks in other countries were eroding prospects for economic growth. Since that time, the increasing spread of the coronavirus across countries has prompted many governments to introduce unprecedented measures to contain the epidemic. While necessary to contain the virus, these measures have led to many businesses being shut down temporarily, widespread restrictions on travel and mobility, financial market turmoil, an erosion of confidence and heighted uncertainty. This approach suggests that the shutdowns could lead to sharp declines in the level of output in many economies, with consumers’ expenditure potentially dropping by around one-third. Changes of this magnitude would far outweigh the economic recession during the global financial crisis

Guidance on Digital ID-FATF

  • 31 marzo 2020

In any financial transaction, knowing your customer is essential to ensure that the funds involved are not linked with crime and terrorism.  However, in a digital context, traditional verification tools do not apply. The FATF has developed guidance that will help governments, financial institutions, virtual asset service providers and other regulated entities determine whether a digital ID is appropriate for use for customer due diligence.

Pandemic Profiteering: How Criminals Exploit the Covid-19 Crisis

  • 31 marzo 2020

The report provides an overview of how criminals adapt their misdeeds to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is based on information Europol receives from the EU Member States on a 24/7 basis and intends to support Member States’ law enforcement authorities in their work.

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