This report tackles the following questions. What are the size and dimensions of the crime problem? How is the Caribbean similar to or different from the rest of the world? Who are the victims? What are the drivers of crime, and hence the areas that provide the best opportunities for intervention? What are the societal costs? The answers to these questions support our central hypothesis that the Caribbean suffers from particularly high levels of interpersonal violence relative to the rest of the world. This interpersonal violence is related to a number of factors, including experiences of and attitudes toward violence in the home, early experiences with violence and risky behaviours among youth, gang activity, community violence, and the use of guns, which makes violence more lethal. These are issues that cannot be solved through arrests alone, but instead are best addressed through a balance of targeted prevention and smarter criminal justice systems.