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Repository

The topics for discussion on this portal have already been analyzed by multiple actors. In this repository, the GS / OAS brings together some of them, as one more contribution to the discussion. This repository has two sections: In the Policy section, we will integrate information on policies relevant to the issues under discussion that are being implemented by Member States, Observer States and other States of the world. In Studies we will include analyzes, reports and reports published by academic institutions, think tanks, international and multilateral organizations, non-governmental organizations and private entities, all of them of recognized prestige, which are relevant to the conversation. The OAS will publish these articles and reports in their original language.

WTO Goods Barometer Flashes Red as COVID-19 Disrupts World Trade

  • 31 March 2020

World trade was already slowing in 2019 before the COVID-19 outbreak. WTO trade statistics show that the volume of world merchandise trade shrank by 0.1% in 2019, marking the first annual decline since 2009, during the global financial crisis. Trade was relatively weak in the final quarter of 2019, but this is unlikely to have been influenced by COVID-19, which was first detected very late in the year. The seasonally-adjusted volume of world merchandise trade in Q4 was down 1.0% year-on-year and 1.2% compared to the previous quarter. Growth was held back by persistent trade tensions and by slowing economic activity in major economies.

Public debt management responses

  • 31 March 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges for public debt management offices (DMOs). Some of these challenges include i) sudden and significant increases in borrowing needs; ii) volatile market conditions; iii) health and safety risks in workplaces; and iv) temporary mismatches in fiscal cash flows. Debt management preparedness to help respond to these operational, liquidity and funding challenges is critical for supporting both the efficacy of each government’s emergency response and the smooth functioning of financial markets. This note will assist debt management offices worldwide in their consideration of appropriate measures to prepare and strengthen the capacity of their debt management operations to respond to these challenges

Global financial markets policy responses

  • 31 March 2020

In early March 2020, the OECD’s Interim Economic Outlook highlighted that the coronavirus outbreak had already caused a sharp decline in economic growth in China, and subsequent outbreaks in other countries were eroding prospects for economic growth. Since that time, the increasing spread of the coronavirus across countries has prompted many governments to introduce unprecedented measures to contain the epidemic. While necessary to contain the virus, these measures have led to many businesses being shut down temporarily, widespread restrictions on travel and mobility, financial market turmoil, an erosion of confidence and heighted uncertainty. This approach suggests that the shutdowns could lead to sharp declines in the level of output in many economies, with consumers’ expenditure potentially dropping by around one-third. Changes of this magnitude would far outweigh the economic recession during the global financial crisis

Guidance on Digital ID-FATF

  • 31 March 2020

In any financial transaction, knowing your customer is essential to ensure that the funds involved are not linked with crime and terrorism.  However, in a digital context, traditional verification tools do not apply. The FATF has developed guidance that will help governments, financial institutions, virtual asset service providers and other regulated entities determine whether a digital ID is appropriate for use for customer due diligence.

Pandemic Profiteering: How Criminals Exploit the Covid-19 Crisis

  • 31 March 2020

The report provides an overview of how criminals adapt their misdeeds to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is based on information Europol receives from the EU Member States on a 24/7 basis and intends to support Member States’ law enforcement authorities in their work.

What Does Coronavirus Mean for Criminal Governance in Latin America?/ Insigth Crime

  • 31 March 2020

A number of criminal groups across Latin America are ordering ceasefires and exerting control over local communities as fears of the coronavirus sweep across the region, raising questions about how these groups will use this crisis to further their legitimacy and power.

The Pandemic Could Bring Power to Latin America’s Criminal Gangs But Not If Governments Beat Them to the Punch/ Foreign Affairs

  • 31 March 2020

Latin American governments have implemented some of the swiftest measures in the world to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus. El Salvador closed its borders to foreign travelers and imposed a national quarantine on March 12, a full week before the country registered its first case of COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus. And on March 15, Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra suspended the constitutional right to free movement and deployed the military to enforce mandatory social distancing and arrest thousands who violated the restrictions. Although two of the region’s largest states—Brazil and Mexico—have resisted lockdowns and dismissed the danger that the virus poses, other major countries, such as Argentina, Chile, and Ecuador, were among the first in the Western Hemisphere to close schools and impose nationwide curfews.

Series of COVID-19 Policy Papers

  • 31 March 2020

A reflection on how best to respond to this crisis and its economic and social effects. The series includes a regional analysis and documents analyzing the socio-economic impact of the crisis at the country level

The Impact of COVID-19 on Gender Equality/ Northwestern University

  • 31 March 2020

The study of the Northwestern University indicates that compared to “regular” recessions, which affect men’s employment more severely than women’s employment, the employment drop related to social distancing measures has a large impact on sectors with high female employment shares. In addition, closures of schools and daycare centers have massively increased childcare needs, which has a particularly large impact on working mothers.

CABEI's Emergency Support and Preparedness Program for Covid-19

  • 30 March 2020

As part of CABEI's Emergency Support and Preparedness Program for #Covid-19, next week 182,000 test kits will be delivered in the member countries of the Central American region

Thinking ahead: For a sustainable recovery from COVID-19 (Coronavirus)

  • 30 March 2020

Across the World Bank Group, efforts are underway to help governments respond to the crisis triggered by COVID-19. The priority today is to support overwhelmed health systems and the millions of workers and business owners who are being hit hard. Thinking ahead, however, the response also offers a significant opportunity to build a more resilient and sustainable future.

350 talents and facilitators hacked for Covid-19 and 31 new solutions came out of it

  • 30 March 2020

The hacks are global digital hackathons designed to collectively address some of the challenges humanity is facing due to the spread and effect of the Covid-19 virus.

Organized Crime In the Time of Corona/ Forbes

  • 27 March 2020

The mafia is like the coronavirus—it will get you wherever you are.

If transnational organized crime had its own stock market, it would have taken a serious beating this month like the world’s legitimate stock exchanges have suffered. Sealed borders are not exactly helpful for smuggling-supply chains of any type of contraband.

On-again, off-again looks to be best social-distancing option/ The Harvard Gazette

  • 27 March 2020

With global coronavirus cases heading toward half a million, Harvard infectious disease experts said recent modeling shows that — absent the development of a vaccine or other intervention — a staggered pattern of social distancing would save more lives than a one-and-done strategy and avoid overwhelming hospitals while allowing immunity to build in the population.

The Coronavirus Impact Dashboard: Measuring the Effects of Social Distancing on Mobility in Latin America and the Caribbean

  • 27 March 2020

Life as we know it has changed drastically and seemingly overnight as a result of the coronavirus. Measures are being taken to slow the exponential rise of infections and reduce pressure on the capacity of health systems to care for the sick. In the past few weeks, many countries have ramped up efforts to adopt social distancing measures such as closing schools, limiting large gatherings, and shutting borders. More recently, some countries have implemented total lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, and closures of all non-essential businesses.

Pandemia de Covid-19 Directrices para las Fuerzas del Orden-Interpol

  • 26 March 2020

INTERPOL ha publicado unas directrices internacionales para mejorar la seguridad y la eficacia de la ayuda brindada por las fuerzas del orden y los equipos de primera intervención en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19.

Las directrices se han elaborado con arreglo a las buenas prácticas internacionales y a las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. En ellas, los funcionarios encontrarán pautas sobre cómo protegerse a sí mismos y a sus familias, y un resumen de las distintas tareas que pueden llevar a cabo durante la pandemia.

Crime and Contagion: The impact of a pandemic on organized crime/ Global Initiative

  • 26 March 2020

The fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic is having profound impacts on society and the economy, and it will also influence and shape organized crime and illicit markets. The institutional response to the pandemic and the consequent reshaping of socio-economic norms worldwide will affect how criminal networks operate, as well as the nature of law-enforcement responses to them.

The realignment of state resources – in particular police services in responding to the virus – and the role of criminal groups, may have important influences on how such state services and groups evolve in the months to come. Vulnerable groups, such as people who use drugs or victims of human trafficking, may be particularly hard hit by the impact of the virus.

This brief is a result of information garnered from our networks and civil-society partners in the field, and draws from a comprehensive review of reporting on the impact of the coronavirus on criminal groups and illicit markets.

IDB Group announces priority support areas for countries affected by COVID-19

  • 26 March 2020

The group will finance a response to the public health emergency; safety nets for vulnerable populations; economic productivity and employment; and fiscal policies to ameliorate economic impacts.

Helping the Caribbean in a pandemic

  • 26 March 2020

A recent exploration of economic scenarios gives some indication of the extent to which the reduction in tourist arrivals could impact the GDP of Caribbean countries. The worst scenario: a 75% reduction in tourism arrivals over the last 3 quarters of the year could reduce GDP by between 11% and 26% in the case of The Bahamas, with similar numbers for Barbados and Jamaica. Governments need urgent financial support.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and HIV: Key Issues and Actions

  • 24 March 2020

The HIV community and response have much to offer to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness and resiliency. Having community-led organizations, such as people living with HIV (PLHIV) networks, engaged at the planning and response tables early on is key to build trust, ensure productive exchange of information, and lay the foundations for joint problem-solving measures.

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