Annex 3 Contributions by workshop participants

Country	Participant	Technology Profiles	Case Studies
Argentina	Nicolás Ciancaglini	- Artificial recharge of aquifers	Irrigation using clay pots in Mendoza
		- Desalination using reverse osmosis
		- Irrigation using clay pots
	Valeria Mendoza	- Artificial recharge of aquifers	Reuse of domestic effluents for irrigation in Mendoza
		- Water management model using conservation
		- Reuse of domestic effluents for irrigation
		- Optimization of water resources
		- Management of potable water systems
		- Utilization of surface water in dams
	Eduardo Torres	- Rainwater harvesting roofs/cisterns	Natural and artificial recharge of underground reservoirs in Mendoza
		- Rainwater harvesting (natural low areas)
		- Use of well buckets in groundwater extraction
		- Artificial recharge of aquifers
	Alberto Vich	- Rainwater harvesting (paved roads)	Water traps for runoff diversion, rainwater harvesting, and recharge of aquifers in mountain areas
		- Rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge
	Adrián Vargas	- Utilization of river beds	Utilization of river beds in Santiago del Estero
Bolivia	Freddy Camacho V.	- Hand pumps	Use of hand pumps in the high plateau of Bolivia
		- Use of desalination in irrigation
		- Totora as a water quality treatment agent
		- Use of native products in clarifying water
		- Irrigation using clay pots
Brazil	Everaldo R Porto	- Rainwater harvesting (roofs/cisterns)	Use of rural cisterns in northeastern Brazil
		- Rainwater harvesting (paved and unpaved roads)
		- Irrigation with clay pots and porous capsules
	Luiza T. de L. Brito	- Rainwater harvesting (in situ)	Underground dams in northeastern Brazil
		- Runoff collection and storage (dams/dikes)
		- Underground dams
	Pedro C.S. Mancuso	- Use of continuous vertical reactors for wastewater treatment and reuse	Continuous vertical reactors
	Marco Antonio Palermo	- Runoff collection and storage	Optimization of runoff storage and distribution in the state of Sao Paulo
		- Water basin diversion and reuse
		- Reuse and utilization of saline waters
	Claudison Rodrigues	- Desalination using reverse osmosis	Desalination of well water in northeastern Brazil using reverse osmosis
		- Desalination using solar distillation
		- Desalination using electrodialysis
	Gertjan B. Beekman	- VLF-WADI method to locate fractures in crystalline rocks	Small systems of dams in river basins of Paraiba
Chile	Roberto Espejo Guasp	- Fog harvesting (Camanchacas)	Water supply using fog harvesting in Poposo, Chile
		- Desalination using reverse osmosis
		- Desalination using distillation
		- Treatment and recycling of non-potable water
	Johannes Wrann	- Fog harvesting (camanchacas)	Rainwater harvesting and utilization of surface water runoff from sloping watersheds for forestation in Chile
		- Rainwater harvesting
Colombia	Guillermo Sarmiento	- Wastewater treatment technologies	Biological treatment of domestic wastewater using hydroponic cultivation and comparison with other wastewater treatment technologies in Colombia
Costa Rica	Jorge Faustino Manco	- Rainwater harvesting (roofs/cistems)	Runoff storage in irrigation ditches in various regions of Central America
		- Water conservation agricultural practices
		- Runoff storage in irrigation ditches
		- Use of lagoons for runoff collection and storage
	William Murillo Montero	- Comprehensive utilization of water resources (basin transfer)	Comprehensive use of surface water resources in Costa Rica (water transfer from the Arenal to the Tempisque river basin)
		- Sustainable use of aquifers
		- Efficient use of irrigation methods in small areas (use of pressurized systems)
Dominican Republic	Milagros Martinez Esquea	- Rainwater harvesting using house roofs	Irrigation with interconnected clay pots in Dominican Republic
		- Irrigation with clay pots
	José O. Payero	- Artificial lagoons	Home water purification systems in Dominican Republic
		- Rainwater harvesting using collection pipes
		- Cloud seeding
		- Water distribution by cistern trucks
		- Bottling of water
		- Development of small watersheds
		- Water storage in homes
		- Water purification systems
		- Wastewater treatment technologies
Ecuador	Felipe Cisneros Espinoza	- Rainwater harvesting	Rainwater harvesting through runoff storage in reservoirs in the southern region of Ecuador
		- Distribution of potable water
		- Water transfer by pumping
		- Disinfection/purification
		- Use of clay pots in irrigation
El Salvador	Saul Rodríguez	- Cyclic rope pump	Utilization of cisterns for rainwater harvesting in El Salvador
		- Chlorine production in situ
		- Home made artesian filters
		- Potable water by filtration using slow sand dripping filters
Guatemala	Luis Alfredo Ochoa	- Rainwater harvesting	Use of potable water from rainwater harvesting in Guatemala
		- Water purification using sodium hypochlorite in rural areas
		- Stabilization lagoons (Jacintos)
		- Water quality treatment using seeds of Monringa oleifera
		- Pilot project on the use of pre-filters
		- Irrigation with treated water
Honduras	Emesto Bondy Reyes	- Rainwater harvesting (roofs, cisterns, and lagoons)	Rainwater harvesting using roofs, cisterns, and lagoons in Honduras
		- Rope and bucket homemade wells
		- Use of mulch to control soil humidity and sediments
		- Photovoltaic energy for pumping systems
		- Alternative pumping systems
Mexico	Polioptro F Martinez	- Fog harvesting	Non-conventional devices for use in intermittent irrigation in Mexico
		- Quarry filters
		- Gravitational tank irrigation system
		- Device for intermittent irrigation in furrows
	Carlos Solís Morelos	- Stabilization lagoons	Modified stabilization lagoon system for municipal wastewater treatment in the Lerma River basin in Mexico
Nicaragua	Javier García Romano	- Microbasin management	Microbasin management in Nicaragua
Panama	Icela Márquez de Rojas	- Mini-dams	Utilization of spring waters for rural aqueducts in Panama
		- Irrigation with clay pots
		- Agriculture and aquaculture water use
	María Concepción Donoso	- Water recycling in rice cultivation and aquaculture system	Utilization of wind energy to augment water supply in the central provinces of Panama
		- Drip irrigation
		- Use of wind energy for pumping systems
		- Aqueducts
Paraguay	Eugenio Godoy Valdovinos	- Rainwater harvesting using roofs and cisterns	Artificial recharge ofgroundwater in Central Chaco in Paraguay
		- Rainwater harvesting using cultivation
		- Artificial recharge of groundwater
Peru	Hugo Rodríguez	- Harvesting use and storage of water with raised beds (Waru Waru) cultivation	The agro-ecosystem of Waru Waru: an alternative technology for agricultural development in the plateau of Puno
	Juan Ocola Salazar	- Wastewater treatment using native plants (totora)	Treatment in oxidation lagoons using native plants (Totora) in Puno
	Pablo Sánchez		Poncho Verde project in Cajamarca
	Miguel Hadzich Marín		Pumping systems in Peru
Uruguay	Lourdes Batista	- Utilization and regulation of watersheds	Regulation, water use, and development plan for the region of Rocha in Uruguay
Venezuela	Carmen Fermín Regardiz	- RunotF collection and storage using road dikes	Use of road dikes in the state of Nueva Esparta
		- Artificial lagoons
		- Storage tanks with galvanized plates
		- Toroba
	Hernán López Herrera	- River basin rehabilitation	Rehabilitation of the Moron River basin in Venezuela
CEPIS/OPS	Julio Moscoso		Use of effluents from stabilization lagoons in aquaculture and agriculture in San Juan, Peru

B. Workshop on alternative technologies for freshwater augmentation in the Caribbean

Country	Participant	Profiles of Technology	Case Study
Antigua and Barbuda	Vincent Sweeney	- Transportation of water by barges
		- Desalination: reverse osmosis and distillation
Aruba	Theofilo Damian	- Desalination: multistage flash evaporation system	Rainwater harvesting in dams for agricultural purposes in Aruba
		- Wastewater treatment
Bahamas	Cadrington Coleby	- Desalination: reverse osmosis	Barging/tanking water from neighboring islands in the Bahamas
		- Trench wells for groundwater extraction
		- Barging
Barbados	John Bwalya Mwansa	- Rainwater harvesting	Sam Lord's Castle Hotel's treated wastewater reuse scheme, Barbados
		- Surface runoff impoundments
		- Artificial recharge of groundwater
		- Wastewater treatment and reuse
British Virgin Islands	Rajkumar Roopchand*	- Rainwater harvesting	Implementation of seawater desalination on the island of Virgin Gorda
		- Seawater/brackish water desalination by reverse osmosis
Haiti	Bernardine Georges*	- Rainwater harvesting	Rainwater cistern in Miragoane, Haiti
		- Hand pumps
		- Winch
	Michael Merisier		Photovoltaic system to pump water in St. Jean du Sud, Haiti
Jamaica	Basil Fernandez	- Rainwater harvesting	Artificial groundwater recharge of a karstic limestone aquifer using sinkholes as injection points in Jamaica
		- Transportation of water by pipeline; interbasin transfer
		- Artificial recharge of groundwater
		- Wastewater treatment and reuse
		- Recycling of industrial effluent
Montserrat	Margaret Dyer-Howe	- Rainwater harvesting	Floating chlorinator and gas chlorinator in Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles	Martha Pinedo-Medina	- Rainwater harvesting	Water desalination by distillation in Curaçao (multistage flash evaporation system)
		- Artificial recharge of groundwater
		- Wastewater treatment
Saint Lucia	Vincent Sweeney	- Rainwater harvesting	Root zone wastewater treatment in Saint Lucia
		- Root zone wastewater treatment
		- Dual distribution system
	Martin Satney	- Rainwater harvesting	Transportation of water by canal/pipeline for irrigation in Saint Lucia
		- Runoff harvesting
		- Wastewater reuse
Suriname	Moekiran Amatali	- Rainwater harvesting	The use of the manmade Lake Brokopondo in Suriname
		- Storage in natural wetlands
		- Storage in dammed-up feat lands
Turks and Caicos Islands	Joseph Williams	- Rainwater harvesting	Rainwater harvesting in the Turks and Caicos Islands
		- Desalination; reverse osmosis
		- Dual distribution systems
		- Groundwater exploration
U.S. Virgin Islands	Henry Smith	- Rainwater harvesting	Mandatory rainwater harvesting for residential use in the U.S. Virgin Islands
		- Dual distribution system
		- Desalination

* Mr. Rajkimar Roopchand and Ms. Bernardine Georges were not able to participate in the workshop, but sent their contributions.