Multilateral Treaties

 B-29: INTER-AMERICAN TREATY OF RECIPROCAL ASSISTANCE (RIO TREATY)               


        ADOPTED AT: RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL                                      

              DATE: 09/02/47

CONF/ASSEM/MEETING: INTER-AMERICAN CONFERENCE FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF CONTINENTAL
                    PEACE AND SECURITY                                          
                            ,
  ENTRY INTO FORCE: 12/03/48   IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 22 OF THE TREATY      

        DEPOSITORY: MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF BRAZIL (ORIGINAL INSTRUMENT),
                    GENERAL SECRETARIAT, OAS (RATIFICATIONS)                    

              TEXT: OAS, TREATY SERIES, NOS. 8 AND 61                           
                            ,           ,

   UN REGISTRATION: 12/20/48  No. 324     Vol. 21    

      OBSERVATIONS:                                                             

               GENERAL INFORMATION OF THE TREATY: B-29
COUNTRY SIGNATURE RATIFICATION/ACCESSION DEPOSIT INFORMATION*
Antigua y Barbuda - - - -
Argentina 09/02/47 07/19/50 08/21/50 RA -
Bahamas 11/08/82 11/12/82 11/24/82 RA -
Barbados - - - -
Belize - - - -
Bolivia 09/02/47 09/18/50 09/26/50 RA (*) Denunciation
Brazil 09/02/47 03/05/48 03/25/48 RA -
Canada - - - -
Chile 09/02/47 01/28/49 02/09/49 RA -
Colombia 09/02/47 01/10/48 02/03/48 RA -
Costa Rica 09/02/47 11/20/48 12/03/48 RA -
Cuba 09/02/47 12/04/48 12/09/48 RA -
Dominica - - - -
Ecuador 11/10/49 10/30/50 11/07/50 RA (*) Denunciation
El Salvador 09/02/47 02/19/48 03/15/48 RA -
Grenada - - - -
Guatemala 09/02/47 03/18/55 04/06/55 RA Yes
Guyana - - - -
Hait� 09/02/47 10/30/47 03/25/48 RA -
Honduras 09/02/47 01/15/48 02/05/48 RA Yes
Jamaica - - - -
M�xico 09/02/47 11/23/48 11/23/48 RA (*) Denunciation
Nicaragua 10/15/48 11/01/48 11/12/48 RA (*) Denunciation
Panam� 09/02/47 12/31/47 01/12/48 RA -
Paraguay 09/02/47 07/07/48 07/28/48 RA -
Per� 09/02/47 10/09/50 10/25/50 RA Yes
Dominican Republic 09/02/47 11/07/47 11/21/47 RA -
St. Kitts & Nevis - - - -
St. Lucia - - - -
St. Vincent & Grenadines - - - -
Suriname - - - -
Trinidad & Tobago 04/06/67 06/02/67 06/12/67 RA -
United States 09/02/47 12/12/47 12/30/47 RA -
Uruguay 09/02/47 09/07/48 09/28/48 RA (*) Yes
Venezuela 09/02/47 07/23/19 08/06/19 RA -
*DECLARATIONS/RESERVATIONS/DENUNCIATIONS/WITHDRAWLS
                                                                              
Ecuador:                                                         
                                                                              
             (Declaration made at the time of signature)                      
                                                                              
     The Republic of Ecuador signs the present Inter-American                 
Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance without reservations, because                 
it understands that other instruments and the principles of                   
international law do not bar the revision of treaties, either                 
by agreement between the Parties or by the other pacific means                
consecrated by international law itself.
(Declaration made at the time of ratification)                           
                                                                              
             With the declaration made at the time of signature. 
DENUNCIATION
On February 19, 2014, the General Secretariat received Note verbale No. 4-2-53/2014 
from the Permanent Mission of Ecuador, by which said country delivered the instrument 
of denunciation of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) 
in accordance with Article 25 of said Treaty.                       
                                                                          
Honduras:                                                        
                                                                              
     (Reservation made at the time of signature)                              
                                                                              
     The Delegation of Honduras, in signing the present Treaty                
and in connection with Article 9, section (b), does so with the               
reservation that the boundary between Honduras and Nicaragua is               
definitively demarcated by the Joint Boundary Commission of                   
nineteen hundred and one, starting from a point in the Gulf of                
Fonseca, in the Pacific Ocean, to Portillo de Teotecacinte and,               
from this point to the Atlantic, by the line that His Majesty                 
the King of Spain's arbitral award established on the                         
twenty-third of December of nineteen hundred and six.
(Reservation made at the time of ratification)                           
                                                                              
             With the reservation made at the time of signature.                         
                                                                              
Nicaragua:                                             
                                                                              
             (Reservation made at the time of signature)                      
                                                                              
     The Delegate of Nicaragua, in signing the present Treaty,                
and with respect to the reservation made by the Delegation of                 
Honduras on signing it and to the provisions of Article 9 (b),                
does so with the reservation that the boundary between                        
Nicaragua and Honduras from the point known by the name of                    
Portillo de Teotecacinte to the Atlantic Ocean has not been                   
definitively drawn, by virtue of the fact that the royal Award                
rendered by His Majesty the King of Spain on December                         
twenty-third, nineteen hundred six, has been impugned and                     
protested by Nicaragua as nonexistent, null, and void.                        
Consequently, the signing of this Treaty by Nicaragua may not                 
be alleged as acceptance of arbitral awards that Nicaragua has                
impugned or whose validity is not definite.
(Reservation made at the time of ratification)                           
                                                                              
             With the reservation made at the time of signature.      
DENUNCIATION
Date of Denunciation: September 20, 2012   
This treaty ceases to be in force with respect to Nicaragua as of 09/06/14, 
after the expiration of two years from the date of the receipt 
of the notification of denunciation, in accordance with article 25.
                                                                                                        Guatemala:                                                                                                                                            (Reservation made at the time of ratification)                                                                                                                The present Treaty poses no impediment whatever to                        Guatemala's assertion of its rights over the Guatemalan                        territory of Belize by whatever means it considers most                        appropriate; a Treaty that may at any time be invoked by the                   Republic with respect to the aforesaid territory.*/                                                                                                                                                      */  With respect to this reservation, the Pan American Union                   consulted the signatory governments, in accordance with the                    procedure established by paragraph 2 of Resolution XXIX of the                 Eighth International Conference of American States, to                         ascertain whether they found it acceptable or not. A number of                 replies being unfavorable, a second consultation was made                      accompanied, at the request of the Government of Guatemala, by                 a formal declaration of that Government to the effect that its                 reservation did not imply any alteration in the Inter-American                 Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, and that Guatemala was ready                  to act at all times within the bounds of international                         agreements to which it was a party.  In view of this                           declaration, the States that previously had not found the                      reservation acceptable now expressed their acceptance. 
Peru:
	Denunciation: 01/22/90
	Withdrawal of Denunciation: 12/16/91                       
Mexico:
Denunciation: 09/06/02
This treaty ceases to be in force with respect to Mexico as of 09/06/04, 
after the expiration of two years from the date of the receipt 
of the notification of denunciation, in accordance with article 25.
 
Bolivia:
Denunciation: October 17th, 2012

This treaty ceases to be in force with respect to the Estado Plurinacional 
de Bolivia as of October 17th, 2014, after the expiration of two years from 
the date of the receipt of the notification of denunciation, 
in accordance with article 25.
 
Venezuela:
DENUNCIATION
On May 14, 2013, the Secretary General of the Organization of American States 
received Note II.2E8.D-OEA.10-2605 from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, 
by which said country delivered the instrument of denunciation of the 
Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) in accordance 
with Article 25 of said Treaty. 

On August 6, 2019, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela deposited the instruments of ratification 
to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance and its Protocol of Amendment, 
at the OAS headquarters, in Washington, D.C. United States.


Uruguay:
DENUNCIATION
On September 27, 2019, the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States 
received Note verbale No 123/19 from the Republic of Uruguay by which said country delivered 
the notification of treaty denunciation of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty), 
in accordance with Article 25 of said Treaty.
WITHDRAWAL OF THE DENUNCIATION: 3/10/20 (March 10, 2020)
On March 10, 2020, the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States 
received note verbal N.019/20 from the Republic of Uruguay by which said country delivered 
the notification withdrawing its denunciation to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty.

Text of the Treaty