Project: Promotion of the Model Law

What is access to information?

Information and Human Rights

Access to information is a fundamental human right, as recognized by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in Claude Reyes v. Chile. The Court held that Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights guaranteeing the right to freedom of thought and expression “includes ‘not only the right and freedom to express one’s own thoughts, but also the right and freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds.

Likewise, Article 19 of the International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights establishes that the right to freedom of expression includes the right to seek, receive, and disseminate information.

Article IV of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man recognizes that every person has the right to freedom of investigation, of opinion, and of the expression and dissemination of ideas by any medium whatsoever.

Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights also protects the right and freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds. Finally, the 2001 Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights echoes this right to access public information and once again underlines that access to information held by the state is a fundamental right of every individual.