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Precautionary Measures
Resolution No. 96/18
PM 698-18 - Álvaro Lucio Montalván and his family, Nicaragua
On December 29, 2018, the IACHR decided to grant precautionary measures in favor of Álvaro Lucio Montalván and his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Álvaro Lucio Montalván is a journalist who owns an independent media outlet called Radio Mi Voz, and that he is being subjected to death threats and threats to burn the facilities where his radio station operates, to interfere with its radio frequency and to expropriate the building, all in the context of his work as a communicator, particularly since the protests that started on April 19, 2018 in Nicaragua. After assessing the available information, the context and subsequent validations, the Commission considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the rights to life and personal integrity of Álvaro Lucio Montalván and his family, who can be identified, face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked the Nicaraguan State to adopt any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Álvaro Lucio Montalván and his family, who can be identified. In particular, the State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The Commission further asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary for the beneficiary to be able to do his work as a journalist without being subjected to intimidation, threats or any other acts of violence for doing such work. That includes taking measures to protect the right to freedom of expression, for example, by not obstructing the beneficiary’s access to the tools he needs to practice journalism nor depriving him of such tools. The IACHR asked the Nicaraguan State to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken, and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, in order to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 94/18
PM 1051-18 - Erick Juriel Murillo Pavón and Erika Soraya Pavón, Nicaragua
On December 28, 2018, the IACHR decided to grant precautionary measures in favor of Erick Juriel Murillo Pavón and Erika Soraya Pavón in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Erick Juriel Murillo Pavón is at risk based on his involvement in the Medical Brigades that were set up to assist the injured in the acts of violence that have happened in Nicaragua since April 18, 2018. After assessing the available information, the context and subsequent validations, the Commission considers that the information that has been submitted shows, prima facie, that the rights to life and personal integrity of Erick Juriel Murillo Pavón and Erika Soraya Pavón face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked the Nicaraguan State to adopt any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Erick Juriel Murillo Pavón and Erika Soraya Pavón. In particular, the State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The IACHR further asked the Nicaraguan State to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, in order to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 93/18
PM 823-18 - Manuel Eduardo Tijerino and his family, Nicaragua
On December 28, 2018, the IACHR decided to grant precautionary measures in favor of Manuel Eduardo Tijerino and his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Manuel Eduardo Tijerino is at risk, given the circumstances in which he was incarcerated at the penitentiary known as La Modelo. After assessing the available information and the context, the Commission considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that Manuel Eduardo Tijerino’s rights to life and personal integrity face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked the Nicaraguan State to adopt any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Manuel Eduardo Tijerino and his family. In particular, the State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect the beneficiary’s rights, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The IACHR also asked Nicaragua to ensure that Manuel Eduardo Tijerino’s conditions of detention reflect the applicable international standards. The State should particularly adopt any measures necessary to allow Manuel Eduardo Tijerino to receive medical care, given the state of his health, in line with the recommendations of the relevant specialists. Further, with a view to verifying the beneficiary’s circumstances, the State should facilitate Manuel Eduardo Tijerino’s access to his legal counsel, along with family visits, in compliance with the applicable international standards. Finally, the IACHR asked the Nicaraguan State to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken, and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 91/18
PM 1606-18 - Carlos Fernando Chamorro Barrios and others, Nicaragua
On December 21, 2018, the IACHR decided to grant precautionary measures in favor of Carlos Fernando Chamorro Barrios, Desiree Elizondo, Wilfredo Miranda Aburto, Néstor Arce, Manyor Salazar, Enrique Gasteazoro, Pedro Molina, Arlen Cerda, Juan Carlos Ampié, Elmer Rivas, Franklin Villavicencio, Ricardo Salgado, Leonel Gutiérrez, Carlos Herrera and Yader Luna, as well as their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries all work for the Confidencial news outlet and are being subjected to threats, persecution, intimidation and harassment in the context of their work, especially in the wake of the protests that started on April 18, 2018 in Nicaragua. After assessing the available information, the context and subsequent validations, the Commission considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the rights to life and personal integrity of Carlos Fernando Chamorro Barrios and other identified workers of the Confidencial news outlet face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked the Nicaraguan State to adopt any measures necessary to protect the lives and personal integrity of beneficiaries, the workers of the Confidencial news outlet identified in this resolution. To that end, the State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ lives and personal integrity, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The IACHR further asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary for beneficiaries to be able to do their journalistic work without being subjected to intimidation, threats or any other acts of violence for doing such work. That includes taking measures to protect the right to freedom of expression of Confidencial workers, for example, by not obstructing their access to the tools they need to practice journalism nor depriving them of such tools. Finally, the IACHR asked the Nicaraguan State to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, in order to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 90/18
PM 873-18 - Miguel Mora Barberena, Leticia Gaitán Hernández and their families, Nicaragua
On December 13, 2018, the IACHR decided to grant precautionary measures in favor of Miguel Mora Barberena, Leticia Gaitán Hernández and their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Miguel Mora Barberena (chairman of the news outlet Canal 100% Noticias), his wife Verónica Chávez (a journalist who is the channel’s executive director) and Leticia Gaitán Hernández (a news anchor and journalist who works for the channel) are being subjected to threats, persecution and harassment in the context of their work, especially in the wake of the protests that started on April 18, 2018 in Nicaragua. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the rights to life and personal integrity of Miguel Mora Barberena, Leticia Gaitán Hernández and their families, including Verónica Chávez and other people who can be identified, face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of its Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked the Nicaraguan State to adopt any measures necessary to protect the lives and personal integrity of beneficiaries Miguel Mora Barberena, Leticia Gaitán Hernández and their families. To that end, the State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ lives and personal integrity, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The IACHR further asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary for Miguel Mora Barberena and Leticia Gaitán Hernández to be able to do their work as journalists without being subjected to intimidation, threats or any other acts of violence for doing such work. That includes, for instance, any measures necessary to protect the facilities where Canal 100% Noticias operates. Finally, the IACHR asked the Nicaraguan State to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, in order to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 84/18
PM 1133-18 - Amaya Eva Coppens Zamora and others (Deprived of their Liberty at the Penitentiary Center "La Esperanza"), Nicaragua
On November 11, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Amaya Eva Coppens Zamora, Olesia Auxiliadora Muñoz Pavón, Tania Verónica Muñoz Pavón, Solange Centeno Peña, María Dilia Peralta Serrato, Irlanda Undina Jerez Barrera, and Nelly Marilí Roque Ordoñez, along with their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the protection of the life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries are at risk as they are deprived of their liberty in the "La Esperanza" Penitentiary Center and are allegedly subject to physical and psychological aggressions in the center by the penitentiary authorities as a result of the acts of violence that are taking place in Nicaragua since April 18, 2018. After analyzing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information presented demonstrates, prima facie, that the beneficiaries are in a situation of seriousness and urgency. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries and their families; the State must ensure that its agents respect the life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries, as well as protect their rights in relation to acts of risk that are attributable to third parties; and ensure that the detention conditions of the beneficiaries comply with applicable international standards. In particular, adopt the necessary measures to provide the necessary medical care, taking into account their health condition and in accordance with the recommendations made by the specialists; likewise, the State should facilitate access to legal representatives and family visits in accordance with the applicable standards; consult the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that led to the adoption of this precautionary measure..
Resolution No. 80/18
PM 1172-18 - Medardo Mairena Sequeira and Mario Lener Fonseca Díaz and their families, Nicaragua
On October 15, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Medardo Mairena Sequeira and Mario Lener Fonseca Díaz and their families in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiaries, members of the Civil Alliance for Justice and Democracy (Alianza Cívica por la Justicia y la Democracia), and of the Mesa de Diálogo on behalf of the Movimiento Campesino, have been subject to threats, harassment, intimidation, and acts of violence since the April 18, 2018 protests in Nicaragua. After analyzing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information presented demonstrates, prima facie, that the beneficiaries are in a situation of seriousness and urgency. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of Medardo Mairena Sequeira and Mario Lener Fonseca Díaz, as well as their families, who can be identified. In particular, the State must ensure that its agents respect the rights of beneficiaries in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law, such as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested the State to ensure that the conditions of detention of Medardo Mairena Sequeira comply with applicable international standards and to adopt the necessary measures to provide the necessary medical care, taking into account his health condition and in accordance with the recommendations given by the corresponding specialists. Likewise, in order to verify the circumstances in which Medardo Mairena Sequeira finds himself, the IACHR requested the State to facilitate his access to his legal representatives and family visits in accordance with applicable standards; to agree on the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and to report on the actions taken in order to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 74/18
PM 469-18 - Edwin José Carcache Dávila and his family, Nicaragua
On September 27, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Edwin José Carcache Dávila and his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiary and his family are at risk given the role that Edwin José Carcache Dávila plays within the student movement in the current context in Nicaragua, and after having been deprived of his liberty on September 4, 2018. After analyzing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information presented demonstrates, prima facie, that Edwin José Carcache Dávila and his family are in a situation of seriousness and urgency. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of Edwin José Carcache Dávila and his family. The State must ensure that its agents respect the rights of beneficiaries in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also recommended that the State ensure that the conditions of detention of Edwin José Carcache Dávila conform to applicable international standards, adopt measures to provide the necessary medical care in accordance with his health condition and the recommendations made by the specialists. Finally, in order to verify the circumstances in which the beneficiary finds himself, the State should facilitate Edwin José Carcache Dávila's access to his legal representatives and family visits in accordance with the applicable standards. The Commission recommended agreeing on the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and reporting on the actions taken in order to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of the present precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 73/18
PM 1130-18 - Mónica López Baltodano and her family, Nicaragua
On September 27, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Mónica López Baltodano and her family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiary is a defender of human and environmental rights and that she is being subjected to threats, harassment, intimidation and assaults based on her work, particularly since the beginning of protests on April 18, 2018 in Nicaragua. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to adopt any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Mónica López Baltodano and her family. The State needs both to ensure that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights, in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and to protect those rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties. The State must come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken, and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, in order to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 70/18
PM 939-18, 1067-18 - Yerling Marina Aguilera Espinoza and 17 other human rights defenders, Nicaragua
On September 17, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Yerling Marina Aguilera Espinoza, Jéssica del Socorro Cisneros Poveda, Ana Otilia Quirós Víquez, Francisca Amanda Centeno Espinoza, María Elena Rivera Caliz, Martha Eugenia Munguía Alvarado, Shakira Simmons Obando, María del Carmen Castillo Meneses, Petrona Pérez Varela, Leonila Amparo Arguello Chavarria, Orlenda Junieth Cruz Ruiz, Jennipher Diana Ellis Williams, Reyna Isabel Rodríguez Palacios, Juana Antonia Jiménez Martínez, Azahalía Isabel Solís Román, Maritza García Sevilla, and Juana Mercedes Reyes Pérez, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are human rights defenders and are suffering threats, harassment, intimidation and other acts of violence as they go about their work following the protests that began on April 18, 2018, in Nicaragua. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information that has been put forward proves, in principle, that the beneficiaries are at grave risk. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested that Nicaragua take the necessary steps toward guaranteeing the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries and their families, who may be identified. In particular, the state must guarantee that its agents respect the beneficiaries' rights in accordance with the standards set out in international human rights law and third-party risks. The IACHR requests that the state of Nicaragua determine the measures to be implemented in consultation with the beneficiaries and their representatives and that it report on the actions it takes to investigate the allegations that led to the adoption of this precautionary measure, so as to prevent them from being repeated.
Resolution No. 69/18
PM 1033-18 - Bismarck de Jesús Martinez Sánchez, Nicaragua
On September 6, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Bismarck de Jesús Martinez Sánchez in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures that was filed on August 17, 2018 alleges that the proposed beneficiary is "an active employee of the Managua Mayor’s Office." The whereabouts of Bismarck de Jesús Martinez Sánchez are allegedly unknown since June 29, 2018, when he was set to meet his family in Jinotepe. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the beneficiary faces a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Bismarck de Jesús Martinez Sánchez and, in particular, to establish his whereabouts and fate; and to report on any actions taken to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 65/18
PM 929-18 - Cristian Ernesto Medina Sandino and his family, Nicaragua
On August 23, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Cristian Ernesto Medina Sandino and members of his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Cristian Ernesto Medina Sandino, who is allegedly the dean of the American University in Managua, member of the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy, and advisor to Civil Society in the National Dialogue, is at risk due to alleged threats against him in the current context of the country. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented shows, in principle, that the beneficiaries are in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of Cristian Ernesto Medina Sandino and his family; in particular, the State must ensure that its agents respect the rights of the beneficiaries in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested that the measures to be adopted be agreed upon with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and that information be provided on the actions taken in order to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 62/18
PM 984-18 - Nahomy Doris Urbina Marcenaro ("Másha") and her family, Nicaragua
On August 15, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Nahomy Doris Urbina Marcenaro and her family, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries face a situation of risk as a consequence of threats, being followed and harassed, in the current context of Nicaragua. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented shows, in principle, that the beneficiaries are in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to safeguard the life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries. To this end, the State must both ensure that its agents respect the life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries in accordance with standards established by international human rights law, and protect their rights in relation to acts of risk that are attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested that the State agree on the measures to be adopted with the beneficiaries and their representatives, and that it report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 60/18
PM 981-18 - Daisy Reymunda George West, Juan Carlos Ocampo Zamora, Reverend Marvin Hodgson, and their families, Nicaragua
On August 10, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Daisy Reymunda George West, Juan Carlos Ocampo Zamora, Reverend Marvin Hodgson, and their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are in a situation of risk due to alleged threats, follow-ups and harassment in the current context in Nicaragua, and in the framework of their participation in the National Dialogue, as the coastal delegation of the Caribbean Coast and members of the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented demonstrates, in principle, that the beneficiaries are in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of the beneficiaries. In particular, it requested Nicaragua to ensure that State agents respect the rights of beneficiaries in accordance with standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested that the measures to be adopted be agreed upon with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and that it report on the actions taken in order to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 59/18
PM 847-18, 738-18, 737-18, 736-18 - Adelaida Sánchez Mercado et al, Nicaragua
On August 8, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Adelaida Sánchez Mercado, Braulio José Abarca Aguilar, Meyling Johana Gutierrez Pérez, Glenda Maria Arteta Arauz, and Haydée Isabel Castillo Flores, as well as their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are in a situation of risk as a consequence of death threats, being followed and harassed, which are presumably due to their work in the defense of human rights in the current context in Nicaragua. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented shows, in principle, that the beneficiaries are in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of Adelaida Sánchez Mercado, Braulio José Abarca Aguilar, Meyling Johana Gutierrez Pérez, Glenda Maria Arteta Arauz, and Haydée Isabel Castillo Flores, as well as their families. In particular, the State must ensure that its agents respect the rights of beneficiaries in accordance with standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested that the measures to be adopted be agreed upon with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and that it be informed of the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 58/18
PM 918-18 - Participants in the National Dialogue in representation of the private sector in the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy, Nicaragua
On August 3, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Michael Edwing Healy Lacayo, José Adán Aguerri Chamorro, Felipe Argüello Agüero, Álvaro Javier Vargas Duarte, Claudia Neira Bermúdez, Juan Sebastián Chamorro, and Juan Carlos Gutierrez Soto, as well as their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are participants in the National Dialogue in representation of the private sector in the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy are in a situation of risk due to alleged threats, harassment and reprisals in the current context in Nicaragua. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented shows, in principle, that the beneficiaries are in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of the aforementioned persons and their families, and in particular, that the State ensure that its agents respect the rights of the beneficiaries in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law, as well as in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties. The IACHR also requested that the measures to be adopted be agreed upon with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and that it report on the actions taken in order to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 56/18
PM 868-18 - Cristhian Rodrigo Fajardo Caballero and others, Nicaragua
On July 25, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Cristhian Rodrigo Fajardo Caballero, Yubrank Miguel Suazo Herrera, Daniery Emanuel Rodríguez Espinoza, Yaritzha Juddyth Roustrán Mairena, Joselyn Andrea Urbina Corea, Levis Josué Artola Rugama and Inés Ramos López, and their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that beneficiaries are at risk after being followed, harassed and subjected to death threats in the current context in Nicaragua. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Cristhian Rodrigo Fajardo Caballero, Yubrank Miguel Suazo Herrera, Daniery Emanuel Rodríguez Espinoza, Yaritzha Juddyth Roustrán Mairena, Joselyn Andrea Urbina Corea, Levis Josué Artola Rugama and Inés Ramos López, and their families, ensuring both that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
Resolution No. 55/18
PM 893-18 - María Nelly Rivas Blanco and family, Nicaragua
On July 25, 2018, the IACHR decided to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Maria Nelly Rivas Blanco and her family, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiary and her family are in a situation of risk as a consequence of alleged threats, being followed and subject to harassment, in the current context in Nicaragua. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR considers that the information presented demonstrates, in principle, that the beneficiary is in a serious and urgent situation. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR's Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested Nicaragua to adopt the necessary measures to guarantee the rights to life and personal integrity of Maria Nelly Rivas Blanco and her family, ensuring both that its agents respect her rights in accordance with the standards established by international human rights law and in relation to acts of risk attributable to third parties; to agree on the measures to be taken with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and to report on the actions taken to investigate the alleged facts that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure and thus avoid its repetition.
Resolution No. 52/18
PM 840-18, 841-18 y 779-18 - Leaders of the 19 de Abril Carazo Movement and others, Nicaragua
On September 17, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Rodrigo Alejandro Rodríguez Argüello, V.S.Z.S. and Katherine Manuela Estrada Téllez and members of their families in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiaries are at risk because of their work as part of the 19 de Abril Carazo Movement and their involvement in protests, particularly because of an intensely hostile social media campaign that threatened they would be attacked. After analyzing the allegations of fact and law, the IACHR believes that the information that has been put forward proves, in principle, that the beneficiaries are at grave risk. Consequently, in accordance with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission requested that Nicaragua take the necessary steps toward guaranteeing the rights to life and personal integrity of Rodrigo Alejandro Rodríguez Argüello, V.S.Z.S., Katherine Manuela Estrada Téllez and members of their families, ensuring that their rights are respected by both government agents and third parties, in accordance with international standards; that it take the steps necessary to guarantee that they can go about their work as human rights defenders without suffering threats, harassment, or acts of violence in the course of doing so; that it determine the measures to be adopted in consultation with the beneficiaries and their representatives; and that it report on the actions it takes to investigate the allegations that led to the adoption of these precautionary measures, so as to prevent them from being repeated.
Resolution No. 51/18
PM 836-18 - Edwin Manuel Acevedo Hernández, José Dolores Borge Porra and Manuel Hernández Vega, Nicaragua
On July 9, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Edwin Manuel Acevedo Hernández, José Dolores Borge Porra and Manuel Hernández Vega in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are at risk, given the circumstances in which they were incarcerated and the potential acts of retaliation they may face after being released from cells at the police unit known as El Chipote. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Edwin Manuel Acevedo Hernández, José Dolores Borge Porra and Manuel Hernández Vega, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to take any measures necessary to ensure that Manuel Hernández Vega receives medical treatment suitable for his current health condition, in accordance with applicable international standards; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 50/18
PM 671-18 - Félix Alejandro Maradiaga Blandón, Nicaragua
On July 9, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Félix Alejandro Maradiaga Blandón, head of the Institute of Strategic Studies and Public Policy (Instituto de Estudios Estratégicos y Políticas Públicas), and his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiary is at risk after being followed, harassed and subjected to death threats in the current context in Nicaragua. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the beneficiary faces a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Félix Alejandro Maradiaga Blandón and his family, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 49/18
PM 628-18 - Julio César Espinoza Cardoza, Nicaragua
On June 30, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Julio César Espinoza Cardoza in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiary’s whereabouts are unknown since April 2, 2018, when he left home to meet with a client and never returned. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the beneficiary faces a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Julio César Espinoza Cardoza and, in particular, to establish his whereabouts and fate; and to report on any actions taken to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 48/18
PM 778-18 - Janeth Velásquez López and her family, Nicaragua
On July 7, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Janeth Velásquez López and her family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that beneficiaries are at risk after their home and business were burned on June 15, 2018, in the context of the events that have taken place in the country since April 18, 2018. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of identified members of the Velásquez López family, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to take any measures necessary to ensure that the girl MVL receives medical treatment suitable for her current health condition, in accordance with applicable international standards and with her best interests; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 47/18
PM 693-18 - Anibal Toruño Jirón and other members of the news outlet Radio Darío, Nicaragua
On July 2, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of people associated with the news outlet Radio Darío in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that people associated with Radio Darío are being subjected to threats, harassment and other acts of violence in the context of the events that have taken place in the country since April 18, 2018. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of people associated with Radio Darío, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to adopt any measures necessary for the proposed beneficiaries to be able to perform their tasks as journalists without being subjected to intimidation, threats and other acts of violence for doing such tasks, including any measures necessary to protect radio facilities; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 46/18
PM 921-16, 520-18 - Marco Antonio Carmona and others (human rights defenders), Nicaragua
On July 2, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of S, C and their children, Marco Antonio Carmona and other members of the Permanent Human Rights Commission (CPDH, by its Spanish acronym) in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are human rights defenders and are being subjected to threats, harassment and other acts of violence in the context of the events that have taken place in the country since April 18, 2018. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve beneficiaries’ lives and personal integrity, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 45/18
PM 776-18 - Isaac de Jesús Molina Rojas, Nicaragua
On July 1, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Isaac de Jesús Molina Rojas and Fabiola Mercedes Villafranca Gutiérrez in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Isaac de Jesús Molina Rojas has suffered three attacks on his life. On the last one of those attacks, he allegedly received two shots, although he survived. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Isaac de Jesús Molina Rojas and Fabiola Mercedes Villafranca Gutiérrez, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to take any measures necessary to ensure that Isaac de Jesús Molina Rojas receives medical treatment suitable for his current health condition, in accordance with applicable international standards; to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 44/18
PM 661-18 - 626/18, 615/18 and 562/18, Nicaragua
On June 17, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Ricardo Adán Velásquez Robleto, Alex Iván Aguirre Mairena, Jasson Osnar Hernández and Edwin Antonio Jiménez Balladares, and their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that beneficiaries—who are students—are at risk after being followed, harassed and subjected to death threats in the current context in Nicaragua. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Ricardo Adán Velásquez Robleto, Alex Iván Aguirre Mairena, Jasson Osnar Hernández and Edwin Antonio Jiménez Balladares and their families, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 41/18
PM 669-18 - Migueliuth Sandoval Cruz and the family of journalist Ángel Eduardo Gahona, Nicaragua
On June 12, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Migueliuth Sandoval Cruz, widow of journalist Ángel Eduardo Gahona, and other members of his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are at risk following the events of April 21, 2018, when journalist Ángel Eduardo Gahona was murdered while he broadcast live the damage caused during protests in Bluefields, in Nicaragua’s South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the rights to life and personal integrity of Migueliuth Sandoval Cruz and other identified members of her late husband’s family face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Migueliuth Sandoval Cruz and other identified members of the family of journalist Ángel Eduardo Gahona; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions taken to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 40/18
PM 663-18 - José Alberto Idiáquez Guevara, Nicaragua
On June 10, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of José Alberto Idiáquez Guevara in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiary, a Managua priest who is the rector of the Central American University in Nicaragua (UCA, by its Spanish acronym), is at risk based on his work as rector and on his active involvement in the National Dialogue—where he has been critical of the government—and is now receiving threats. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the beneficiary faces a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of José Alberto Idiáquez Guevara and his family; to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions taken to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 38/18
PM 660-18 - Edwin Heriberto Román Calderón and Álvaro Leiva Sánchez, Nicaragua
On June 5, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Edwin Heriberto Román Calderón and Álvaro Leiva Sánchez in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that Edwin Heriberto Román Calderón, a priest in Masaya, and Álvaro Leiva Sánchez, secretary of the Asociación Nicaragüense Pro Derechos Humanos (Nicaraguan Association for Human Rights), are at risk given the violence that took place on June 2 in Masaya and the efforts to promote human rights and humanitarian assistance that they continue to carry out since then. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Edwin Heriberto Román Calderón and Álvaro Leiva Sánchez and their families, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 37/18
PM 499-18 - Silvio José Baez Ortega and his family, Nicaragua
On May 29, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Silvio José Báez Ortega and his family in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the beneficiary, a Nicaraguan bishop, is at risk after being subjected to threats and harassment in the context of his involvement in the national dialogue among several sectors of civil society and the government, with the mediation of the Nicaraguan Bishops’ Conference and the goal of securing a peaceful solution. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that the beneficiary faces a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of Silvio José Báez Ortega and his family, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with the beneficiary and his representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 36/18
PM 476-18, 748-18, 1354-18, 1355-18, 1364-18, 403-18, 1356-18, 653-18 - J.A.M.R. and others, Nicaragua
On May 21, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of J.A.M.R. (a child) and his family; Gloria María Cajina Machado, Norman Bismarck Alméndarez Carballo, Miguel Ángel Parajon Aburto and Yader de los Ángeles Parajón Gutiérrez and the children M.P.V. and B.A.P.V.; Jonny Winston Lezama Sevilla and his family; Jeyris Geovany Soza Vilchez; the child W.D.G; Danilo Antonio Martínez Rodríguez; Héctor Josué Parajon Márquez; Ana Luz Paragón Márquez and her family; and Erika Socorro Sánchez Ucera, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries, all of them relatives of victims of violence, are being subjected to threats, harassment and other acts of violence in the context of the events that have taken place in the country since April 18, 2018. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve beneficiaries’ lives and personal integrity, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; to provide adequate medical care to Jeyris Geovany Soza Vilchez in accordance with her health problems and in compliance with the applicable international standards; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 35/18
PM 472-18, 1365-18, 1339-18, 1340-18, 1341-18, 1342-18, 1343-18, 1344-18, 1345-18, 1346-18, 1351-18, 1347-18, 1348-18 - Members of the student movement, Nicaragua
On May 21, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of the following members of the student movement: Bosco René Bermúdez; Brandon José Cruz; Fernanda Porto Carrero; Fernando José Sánchez Zeledón; Ángel Gabriel Rocha Amador; Víctor Agustín Cuadras Andino; Lesther Lenin Alemán Alfaro; Iskra Guisselle Malespín Sevilla; Judith Belen Mairena; Mildred Gisselle Rayo Ramírez; Madelaine Jerusalem Caracas Marín; Manuel López Gutiérrez and Kevin Rodrigo Espinoza Gutiérrez, and their families, in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiaries are being subjected to threats, harassment and other acts of violence in the context of the events that have taken place in the country since April 18, 2018. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to preserve the lives and personal integrity of beneficiaries and their families, both ensuring that its officers will respect beneficiaries’ rights to life and personal integrity in compliance with the standards of international human rights law, and protecting those persons’ rights from dangerous acts that may be perpetrated by third parties; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions adopted to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure.
Resolution No. 10/18
PM 884-17 - Elea Valles Aguilar and her children, Nicaragua
On February 24, 2018, the IACHR moved to request the adoption of precautionary measures in favor of Elea Valles Aguilar and her children in Nicaragua. The request for precautionary measures alleges that the proposed beneficiary is at risk in connection with the alleged murder of her husband and two of her children in an Army raid conducted on November 12, 2017. After assessing the legal and factual allegations, the IACHR considers that the information that has been submitted shows, in principle, that beneficiaries face a situation of grave and urgent risk. Consequently, in keeping with Article 25 of the IACHR’s Rules of Procedure, the Commission asked Nicaragua to take any measures necessary to protect the rights to life and personal integrity of Elea Valles Aguilar and her children; to come to an agreement with beneficiaries and their representatives regarding any measures that need to be taken; and to report on any actions taken to investigate the alleged events that gave rise to the adoption of this precautionary measure, to prevent such events from happening again in the future.
