Agriculture, mainly bananas, is the primary sector supporting the Dominican economy. Indeed, agriculture accounts for about 20% of GDP, and about 40% of the labor force.  Banana production employs up to one-third of the available work force. The country is seeking to diversify its markets, making progress in exporting quantities of citrus fruits and vegetables, as well as coffee, patchouli, aloe vera, cut flowers, and exotic fruits. The country also has seen some success in increasing its manufactured exports, with soap being the primary product of this sector.

The country itself is mostly volcanic, and has few beaches, thus making the development of tourism difficult. Nonetheless, the country's rainforests, lakes, hot springs, waterfalls and mountains make it an excellent vacation destination, especially for ecotourists interested in landscape and wildlife.